Jane eyre by charlotte bronte Red Room Essay Example

Jane eyre by charlotte bronte Red Room Paper Jane Eyre is a classic romance novel by Charlotte Bronte (in the first person) that was published in 1847; by Smith, Elder Company, London. Charlotte Bronte first published the book as Jane Eyre: an Autobiography under the pseudonym Currer Bell. The protagonist and main character in this novel is Jane Eyre; orphaned at the mere age of one due to the death of both her parents, currently aged ten. When Jane was orphaned, her mothers brother offered to take Jane in and care for her, he then died however before he died he made his wife Mrs. Reed promise to look after Jane as if Jane was her own she agreed. Currently aged 10, Jane lives at Gateshead with: Mrs. Reed, Georgiana, Eliza and John Reed; whom all despise Jane and treat her with confounding cruelty especially John Reed he struck suddenly and strongly Jane feels like an outsider to her family environment `A heart saddened by the chidings of Bessie, the nurse, and humbled by the consciousness of my physical inferiority to Eliza, John, and Georgiana Reed. ` Bessie chides Jane extensively more than her cousins, also the quote shows that the way Jane feels about herself has been largely influenced by the perception of the other family members. In chapter one Jane had been excluded as a full family member. ` She really must exclude me from privileges intended only for contented, happy, little children. ` As a result Jane slipped in the breakfast-room that adjoined the drawing-room and possessed herself a book which she began to read; Bronte shows Janes character as very independent and mature for her age, it shows she has a mind of her own also it shows she does not give up and is not easily defeated. We will write a custom essay sample on Jane eyre by charlotte bronte Red Room specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Jane eyre by charlotte bronte Red Room specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Jane eyre by charlotte bronte Red Room specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer During Victorian times children who were orphaned with no money, being at the mercy of their benefactors, usually looked at life as being a constant struggle as there were not many choices one could make to guarantee survival and were often seen as obligated to follow the orders of their benefactors; do as they were told and look up to the rest of the family because the orphan was now dependent. At the end of chapter 1 Jane tries to remain unnoticed in the drawing room reading on a rainy day, but John Reed, the fourteen-year-old son of Mrs. Reed, soon finds her. Jane lives in terror of John, as he bullies and punishes her without end. John becomes angry that Jane is reading one of their books, and says that: she is a dependent there, has no money, and should not live [there] with gentlemens children like [them]. John throws the book at Jane, causing her to fall and cut her head against the door. Jane then fights against him, and when Mrs. Reed enters the room she sends Jane to be locked in the red-room. The Red room symbolizes Janes character Bronte shows this in the form of pathetic fallacy; red is often used in conjunction with the themes of passion and fury, and the descriptions such as the curtains of deep red damask mirror physically Janes passionate character. I resisted. Bronte uses first person narrative to convey Janes anger and defiance; Janes state of mind has changed because she is angry she is treated and viewed as a second class to the Reed household which makes her want to fight back/rebel. The juxtaposition and metaphor of Brontes description of Jane as a rebel slave shows the reader Jane is conscious of her rebellion, also it shows the reader and emphasizes the point Jane is rebelling her wrongful placement of a lower-class status to the rest of the Reed household. Although in the times of today this would seem unjust, in Victorian times, this is the way all orphans were treated especially and girls who had an even lower rank but Jane was surprisingly, for an orphan, well educated and so had developed her own views on her difficult situation, thus enabling her to act accordingly. Brontes use of the simile shes like a wild cat creates a vivid image of Janes behavior in the readers mind and also shows Janes excessively passionate character. Master! How is he my master? Am I a servant? Brontes cluster of three and use of sequential rhetorical questions again shows how passionate Jane is about being seen as an equal in the Reed household. Bronte conveys Janes feelings of ignominy; this preparation for bonds, and the additional ignominy it inferred, took a little of the excitement out of me. Janes state of mind has changed seeing the immense degree of humility it inferred and so made the decision to pull her behavior together in order to avoid being further extensively humiliated. During Victorian times many orphans were abused and publically disgraced. Bronte uses metaphors to convey Janes feelings of being trapped; the Red Room itself is described as: a vault, `chamber. The reason for Janes change in state of mind is due to Brontes use of these metaphors which gives the room prison like qualities which creates the element of being trapped. Brontes strong use of imagery, colours, repetition and her use of pathetic fallacy of colours associated with red; Mahogany, crimson and pink show Janes state of mind as angry at being locked in the Red Room on the other hand, Brontes use of the simile like a pale throne suggests Brontes use of the simile `tiny phantoms` gives the scene a scary atmosphere and has a ghostly effect, also it sows the building accumulation of fear in Jane. Brontes use of other similes such as; `half fairy` `half imp` implies the room had stimulated Janes imagination furthermore the mirror may symbolizes Janes inner self. During Victorian times they genuinely believed in super superstitions; during mourning a death mirrors were covered because of a lingering superstition that the spirit of the deceased could become trapped in the reflective glass ` Superstition was with me at that moment`. The metaphor `revolted slave` shows the reader Jane still feels to rebel despite her fears, also again Bronte refers to the theme of slavery, which shows yet again Jane feels trapped she has no freedom, Jane does not want to be in the red room but has no choice. This was the case during Victorian times; orphans had no choice, no say in the matter, orphans had no free will. Janes education and knowledge provided her with a basis to understand her situation, and act impulsively which results in a revolt a rebellion. Jane feels isolated; because shes in so much shock she must think deeply, and gather her thoughts. `I was like nobody there`

Reasons why Germany, Italy, and Japan wanted WWII

Reasons why Germany, Italy, and Japan wanted WWII Free Online Research Papers In 1940, World War II was in full swing. Germany, Italy, and Japan had created the â€Å"Tri Parte Pact,† bonding them together as the â€Å"Axis Powers.† They waged war against the Allies, and though they shared a common bond, they all had different reasons for entering the war. Under the dictatorship of Adolph Hitler, Germany entered the war with the goals of gaining more land and power and creating, the â€Å"perfect race.† According to Nazi policy, this would mean blonde hair, blue eyes, and Aryan blood. Hitler’s plan was to disguise his preparation for war by confronting the â€Å"Internal Enemies† of Germany, which consisted of ideological enemies, moral enemies, and Jews, rebuild the economy, and achieve agreements with other nations. After acquiring both Austria and Czechoslovakia from Britain and France, who desperately did not want a repeat of bloodshed after World War I, Hitler decided he wanted Poland also. Britain and France would not give this up as easily. Hitler made a pact with the Soviet Union called the â€Å"Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact† so that he could invade Poland and eliminate the threat of an attack. He appointed Heinrich Himmler to plan the attack on Poland that would be known as â€Å"Blitzkrieg.â₠¬  Britain and France gave Hitler an ultimatum, either pull out of Poland or they would go to war. Hitler had gotten exactly what he wanted. In Italy, Mussolini had just come into power and promised the country he would improve economic conditions, so economic viability played a major part in why they wanted war. Italy needed markets for her industries and one way was to have dependent territories much like the British view of the American Colonies. Being just as greedy as Hitler, he looked up to him and liked the way he ran his dictatorship. He wanted just as much power and saw the war as a way to gain more land and thus, more power over a larger territory. He wanted to build a new Roman Empire and gain the land at Frances expense. Mussolini desperately wanted to seize territory from France in retaliation for World War One, especially the Island of Corsica and several provinces in North Italy that France had refused to relinquish after World War One. He also wanted to seize chunks of North Africa, including Egypt which was rich in resources. Mussolini also knew that if he was not with Hitler, he would be overrun by him. Japan too entered the war with the hope of gaining land and power. Because Japan was primarily a military-ruled government, the top military officials promoted imperial expansion. They were seeking to dominate and imperialize Asia because as a small island country they lacked land mass to provide necessary natural resources for competing economically with the other industrial superpowers of the time. Japan was bitter at this time because they received very little aid from the Allied countries after WWI. They decided they could claim the land they needed if they helped the Axis, and establish a vast empire. Emporer Hirohito is also claimed to have had similar racial superiority views as Hitler. Japan invaded China in 1937 after decades-long Japanese imperialist policy aiming to dominate China politically and militarily to secure its vast raw material reserves and other resources. The United States then refused to sell Japan oil unless they pulled out of China. Japan wanted to enter w ar with the United States and retaliated by bombing Pearl Harbor in hopes that if they wiped out their Pacific fleet, they would not stand a chance in war. The three major Axis powers, Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Imperial Japan were part of a military alliance on the signing of the Tripartite Pact in September 1940, which officially founded the Axis powers. Though they had several different reasons for wanting war, they were mainly focused on gaining more land and power for themselves. They wanted to increase their recourses and make their economies more productive. They may have bonded together to enter the war, but really each thought their race was more superior to the other and would have most likely ended up fighting each other in the end. At their height, the Axis powers ruled empires that dominated large parts of Europe, Asia, Africa and the Pacific Ocean, but World War II ended with their total defeat. Work Cited http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761563737_2/World_War_II.html Research Papers on Reasons why Germany, Italy, and Japan wanted WWIIAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Assess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaBringing Democracy to Africa19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraPETSTEL analysis of IndiaWhere Wild and West MeetQuebec and CanadaEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenDefinition of Export Quotas

Building a Network

Building a Network The Web abounds with writers who ponder how to develop that proverbial network thats supposed to represent their 1,000true fansthose fans who are supposed to make our growth possible. Those fans who want anything we have to offer, and tell others about it. In case you are not familiar with the concept, read these articles. You need to know. Your 1,000 True Fanshttp://sethgodin.typepad.com/seths_blog/2008/03/1000-true-fans.html A 20-Step Process for Finding Your 1,000 True Fanscopyblogger.com/20-steps-1000-fans/ 1,000 True Fanskk.org/thetechnium/archives/2008/03/1000_true_fans.php But writers fail to build these fans. Either they are blind to the opportunities when they present themselves, or they profess they have no time. In either case, they set themselves up to fail. And when they need those fans the most, they fuss about not having them. I know you have limited time. Every other person on the planet has limited time. The successful manage their time more efficiently. So its on you, my friend. That is, assuming you seriously want to be a writer. So . . . to earn those true-blue 1,000 fans, you need to: 1) Return emails to anyone with the slightest interest in your work, without exception. Regardless of what you think of them, regardless of how serious you think they are about their writing, regardless of how quirky, angry, bubble-headed, or tacky they are. You are not in this business to judge. You are in this business to write, and in this effort, you have no right to be selective about who has the potential to like your work. In other words, enjoy anyone who likes reading and writing. Were all different. There is no right or wrong. 2) At conferences, collect those business cards, and upon your return home, reach out and rejuvenate that connection. Be gracious. 3) Be liberal in your Facebook and Twitter connections and friends. 4) Be bold in your profiles on any online resource (Twitter, Facebook, Goodreads, Amazon, Pinterest, Google, LinkedIn, etc.). Liberal means being upfront about what type writer you are. Show others you mean business in this writing business. 5) Reach out. Whether you have a newsletter or keep a blog, communicate. If you dont have time for your fans, why should they have time for you? 6) Smile. Enjoy others company. Appreciate people. Sounds like work, doesnt it. Duh! Of course it is. But its the most rewarding work, outside of writing your stories, that you can accomplish. Assuming you want to put WRITER on your tax return under PROFESSION.

Art Presentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Art Presentation - Essay Example This piece of work depicts the second coming of Christ, Christ’s ascension, and the Virgin Mary with Jesus on her lap. According to (Gardner, Helen, Kleiner pg), Mary’s eminence in Roman Catholic is clearly elaborated in the ornamentation of the Romanesque church Culture: The piece of architecture was established through eagerness of the Germany architects to embrace the architectural style from French Gothic. Initially, Germans expressed themselves through sculptures and according to (Gardner, Helen, Kleiner pg), the Chartres Cathedral art piece marked a new era in art and architecture in Germany. The Carolingian artwork can trace its origin when Charlemagne was at the helm of the new Roman Emperor in the year 800. To commemorate his achievement, Charlemagne revived the culture, art and political ideals for the new Holy Roman Emperor. The Carolingian artwork was characterized by illuminated manuscripts that Charlemagne brought during his many visits to North Europe. His era experienced the transformation of Carolingian art to classical style borrowed from Italy. A phenomenal Carolingian artwork is the image of St. Mark Gospels from Ebbo. The figure depicts a moment of frenzy and revitalization. In addition, the piece is illustrated in three-dimensional form and in a landscape. The artwork stands tall for the era since most of the artworks in the era were oriented on the ground. The architects of ottonian era advanced the skills and expertise inherited from the Carolingian architects after the fall of the United Holy Empire. Unlike the Carolingian architects, they also implemented Byzantine knowledge in order to customize architectural concepts for a unique identity. The era experienced intermarriages with the Byzantine, an incident that brought about a merge in the artwork and architecture. The Byzantine styles had a considerable influence on the presentation and orientation of the

Substance use and mental health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Substance use and mental health - Essay Example The list of substances that are abused is broad and the method and route of administration also vary. The problem with abusing substances however is not present only in young population but is more diffusely distributed in all ages and social groups. Most common substance abuse found in the same statistical analysis in the general population ranging between age of 16 and 74, that was reported by the participants themselves was cannabis (in 24 %), amphetamines were tried or used by 7 % of the cohort group, 5% ever in their life used magic mushrooms, about 4 % of the cohort population ever in their life used or are still using ecstasy, cocaine, LSD, tranquilizers were used by 3% of the population, other volatile substances and gases were used in 1% of the population and other substances like crack, heroin, steroids were also present in about 1%. There are also other substances that were used but are not listed in this text. Also we must have in mind that this study was based on the sel f-report of the participants so there is a possibility for even larger prevalence of these substances if we consider the population that didn’t report abuse of substances. ... iew Schedule CIS-R, where score above 12 is considered a sign of high probability for neurotic disorder in one person and in participants with score above 18 is considered that psychiatric treatment is necessary (Lewis et al, 1992). They also tested for disorders in the personality of the participants using the SCID-II (Semi-structured interview for making DSM-IV Axis II: Personality Disorder diagnoses). It is a set of questions that are completed by the participants in order to assess the personality disorder based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental  Disorders,  Fourth Edition (DSM-IV). They also used Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry manual to asses for psychosis or more severe psychiatric disorder in the participants. Based on these examinations it was found that abuse of substances was more common in participants who tested positive in some of the screening tests that were used. It was found that 12 % of the people who scored 12 or above on the CIS-R scale (some type of neurosis) had abused substances in the last month before the survey compared to 5% of the other population. Among the specific neuroses it was found that participants with suspicion for obsessive-compulsive disorder had the higher incidence of substance abuse in the previous month (15%). Most significantly it was found that 32% of the participants that were suspected for presence of anti-social personality disorder was found that were abusing some substance in the previous month before the survey. In the group of participants that were diagnosed with psychosis or other major psychiatric disorder no significance in incidence of abusing substances was found. Based on this study we can conclude that neurosis, antisocial personality disorder, obsessive-compulsive

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in Malaysia

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in Malaysia Introduction Corporate social responsibility (CSR) implied that the firms consideration of, and response to, issues beyond the narrow economic, technical and legal requirements of the firm and to accomplish social benefits along with the traditional economic gains which the firms seek.(Husted 2003). The inception and framework of CSR was first created by the European Union in promoting the CSR to the environment and society that is related to business. European Commission (2001) defined CSR as a concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and in their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis that by developing awareness and responsibility that leads to enhance the success of the business. CSR implementation can be divided in two areas which are Internal and external. In internal area, CSR practices basically deals with the people that are related to the business internally such as employees and any other issues that is involved to the management of the production and resources such as safety environment and health assurance in investing in human capital. On the other hand, in external area, the socially responsibilities involved a large range of stakeholders to the company business such as suppliers, customers, government and shareholders. CSR is defined as open and transparent business practices that are based on ethical values and respect for the community, employees, the environment, shareholders and other stakeholders. It is designed to deliver sustainable value to society at large. CSR supports Triple Bottom Line reporting which emphasizes the economic, social and environmental bottom-line wellness. CSR goes beyond compliance to laws. And we wish to emphasizes this. It is important to avoid a legalistic way of thinking when considering CSR. There is no universal approach to CSR. Companies are free to adopt what suits them. However there are some basic concepts that cut across all definitions and these should be considered in crafting a companys CSR vision. CSR is not about compliance or philanthropy or public relations. It often involves cultural transformation in a company as it integrates CSR concepts into its operations and decision making. Vitally, CSR involves communicating the companys actions to its stakeho lders and encouraging their feedback. Only in this way can a company have a dynamic and relevant CSR vision. Literature Review In Malaysia, the disclosure of CSR on annual report is voluntary. The choice of social issues disclosed tends to reflect the Malaysian Governments priority or the particular obligations which companies have. Corporate Social Disclosure (CSD) may have the potential to strengthen stakeholder relationships as reporting promotes corporate transparency and instills greater confidence and trust amongst stakeholders. CSD represents an additional channel for engaging stakeholders in a dialogue, and it enables companies to identify and address key issues of concern to their stakeholders. CSR disclosure has been the subject of substantial academic accounting research (Farook and Lanis 2005; Gray, Owen and Maunders 1987), however, while there has been research relating to annual reports in general, little has been undertaken focusing on CSR disclosure by PLCs, which can influence many people in society, view their social responsibility, and if indeed they discharge their social accountability b y voluntarily disclosing CSR information (Gray, Kouhy and Lavers 1995). Announcement of YAB Prime Ministers Budget 2007 has stated the requirement for all Public Listed Company (PLC) to disclose any CSR activities in the Company Annual Report and to adopt and manage the CSR activities in their own business practices. There is also stated the Bursa Malaysias CSR framework for PLCs guideline in promoting CSR practices. Bursa Malaysia CSR framework has outlined 3 critical elements in CSR practice. The first element is the establishment framework created from the national policies and aspirations, so that the establishment of CSR is towards to national goals and objectives. The second element is the flexibility of the disclosure framework. PLCs are required to disclose CSR statement in the company annual report. The framework gives opportunity to PLCs to practice CSR in their own creativity and action as they manage the best action for the company. Lastly, this framework is not just a step by step prescription but it is a guideline for the PLCs in promoting CSR practices. This is important for the company to establish efficient CSR practices and policies. Every PLCs need to create their own creative and effective CSR practices relevance to the framework guidelines. The Bursa Malaysia CSR Framework looks at 4 main focal areas for CSR practice. They are the environment, the workplace, the community and the marketplace, in no order of priority. In the environment area, CSR focus on a variety of issues such as the use of energy on how the company allocates its usage effectively and to reduce any damages that can adverse effect to environment. In the community area, the relation of the company and the community is a two way communication. For example supporting employee involvement in community issues enriches the community and the company. Companies can be creative in looking at how they can contribute to children, youth development and the under-privileged. The opportunities for company interaction with the community are vast. In the marketplace area, the important stakeholders such as shareholders, suppliers, and customers can be identified so that companies can interact responsibly with this group in a number of ways, such as raising the standar ds of Corporate Governance within the company so that it meets shareholder expectations is a further consideration. Lastly, is in the workplace area. Employees are drawn from society and so everything that related to staff needs to be socially responsible, whether we are dealing with basic human rights or gender issues. A quality work environment and health safety are obvious considerations in inculcating in the employees and the values which the company holds dear if the CSR is practiced in that company. A company should focus on areas such as economic, environmental and social when developing sustainability strategy (Szekely Knirsch 2005). Sustainability strategy development can be based on legitimacy, economic and social theories. These theories explain social disclosures pattern by organizations (Haniffa Cooke 2005) and thus, practicing of CSR. Legitimacy theory is whereby corporate social disclosures were motivated by the corporate need to legitimize activities (Hogner 1982). This is where corporate management will react to community expectations (Guthrie Parker, 1989). Thus, companies are expected to carry out activities that are acceptable by the community. Corporate social disclosure can be used to appease some of the concerns of the relevant publics and also as a proactive legitimation strategy to obtain continued inflows of capital and to please ethical investors (Haniffa Cooke 2005). Second, economic theory reflects the degree of association of CSR and financial perform ance by taking consideration of cost-related advantages, market advantages and reputation advantages (Chamhuri Wan Noramelia 2004). In the business, CSR is concerned with employment, lifelong learning, consultation and participation of workers, equal opportunities and integration of people towards restructuring and industrial change to promote quality and diversity in the workplace and health and safety strategy. Lastly, the social issues include the benefits offered in terms of training related to safety, health and environment, donations, education scheme, medical benefits and others. (Chamhuri Wan Noramelia 2004). Environmental issues emphasize on preserving and conserving natural resources such as conducting recycling activities, water and process treatment and compliance with authority regulations and requirements. Many enterprises recognized the importance of their responsibilities towards the environment and take them seriously by setting targets for continually improving t heir performance while ensuring the compliance with all relevant legislation. Organizations also have a range of impacts on the communities within which they operate and in at least some measures, disclosed these issues in their own CSR reports and information. CSR social activities may include charitable contributions to local and national organizations such as fundraising, donations and gifts in areas where it trades and others like regeneration of deprived communities, reclamation of derelict land and creation of new regeneration jobs. Development of strategies and programs on social and environmental issues enabled firms to gain close relationship with community. Firms could take initiatives by conducting campaigns, seminars, workshops and giving donation to the society. This way enables a company to meet its CSR commitment and indirectly acts as a marketing and promotional strategy. As the result, higher market share can be obtained, which lead to higher revenues from larger sales. Policies, strategies and programs that are associated with social activities can be used to indicate the level of CSRs commitment of an organization. Organizations too, need to meet the customers demand and expectations. As to maintain good relationship and attract more customers, enterprises are taking initiatives to fulfill the demand of providing such information. For instance, eco-labeling is a way of communicating organizations social responsibility to public. Besides, CSR is also concerned with employment, equal opportunities and integration of people towards restructuring and industrial change. Employees who feel protected and appreciated will increase their productivity in production and thus, achieving economies of scale. Comparable in CSR Perspective of KFC Holdings (M) Bhd PJ Development Holdings Bhd KFC Holdings (M) Bhd KFC Holdings take into account the priority of CSR by continuing put a great emphasis on conducting business in a responsible and ethical way. From improvement on their products and services to helping the communities in which they operate, they continue to seek out ways to enrich the responsibility to their stakeholders. In ways of strengthening local communities, promoting equal opportunities in the workplace, developing human capital, enhancing customers experience and improving the lives around the company. The Board and management at KFCH will continue to adhere to the values of responsibility, integrity and compassion in all areas of our business. In doing so, they are determined to make a positive contribution to society while building confidence and goodwill among stakeholders. To achieve this they adhere to wide-ranging Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs spread out over six pillars. These are, to champion the Halal cause, to improve educational standards, to encourage entrepreneurial development, to promote a healthy lifestyle, to foster a sense of national unity, and to help the less fortunate. KFCH has disclosed their CSR activities in Annual Report 2009 by following the 4 main local area as stated by Bursa Malaysias CSR Frameworks. The first area is community. KFCH remains committed towards giving, whenever the opportunity arises, to anyone in need of a helping hand and recently, KFCH proposed the incorporation of Yayasan Amal Bistari, a corporate foundation which will be the means through which CSR activities, endeavours and programmes of all KFCH entities and brands are carried out. Projek penyayang is held by giving KFC to the less fortunate, the elderly and orphans throughout Malaysia, every quarter of the year. KFCH also held Walk For Charity and giving aid where needed in support of Hunger Relief 2009. KFCH, Johor Corporation and Bistari young entrepreneur Sdn Bhd (Bye), the developers and marketeers of Catur Bistari, signed a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) that will allow KFC to sell the Cilik Bistari board game, a simplified version of Catur Bistari for younger children, at all its outlets. The KFC sailing team raced alongside other competitors at every regatta organized by the Malaysian yacht Associatio n. Elsewhere, KFC futsal teams competed with the best in the JKing Futsal Challenge Johor 2009, as well as i-Futsal championship organized by Harian Metro. KFC also involved with International Kite Festival in Pasir Gudang, Johor and Bintulu, Sarawak. KFCH also held Annual Buka Puasa session at Ayamas Port Klang in 2009 and saw a turnout of over 2,500 employees and were joined by 400 orphans who received goodie bags and food from KFC and RasaMas. KFCH had the privilege of sponsoring two episodes of Tijarah Ramadhan, a television program dedicated to featuring companies which donate to the underprivileged. Second area is marketplace. KFCH interacts and communicate with customers, suppliers, governmental and non-governmental bodies and observe how corporate initiatives and products affect the communities and the environment. Marketplace CSR initiatives include programs towards improving Halal standards and building future entrepreneurs. KFCH participated in the World Halal Forum, which participation was in the form of sponsorship and product showcase. KFCH once again participated in Malaysias largest food and beverage exhibition and the worlds largest international Halal trade fair by setting up a booth and promoting Halal certified products and services to the thousands of visitors from all over the world. KFCH also participate in Halal Food Standards Realisation (Hafstar) event organized throughout the country to promote Malaysian Halal Standards and to regularise and discuss the standard procedures of handling, processing and storing of food based on Shariah and Malaysian Standards. The Gerak Usahawan Siswa initiative was undertaken in the hope of imparting an interest in business and entrepreneur development amongst university students. The Group collaborates with the Bistari Young Entrepreneur Sdn Bhd in mentorship programmes and educational lectures that help develop young Malaysian entrepreneurial talents. This includes the Tunas Bistari, Didik Bistari and Siswa Bistari Entrepreneur Programmes. The third area is workplace. KFCH has more than 18,000 employees go to work every day striving to be the best in the business. KFCH implement varios of activities to create individuals who are the best-in-class in their awareness, capability, proficiency and drive for success. KFCH implement Pedoman 2009, the annual event to appreciate their employees loyalty and effort. The one day event was attended by all Restaurant Managers from KFC, Pizza Hut, RasaMas and Kedai Ayamas, as well as support staff from all over the country. KFC and Pizza Hut organized the National Champs Challenge in Kuala Lumpur with the best of the best from Restaurant Managers and staff coming together to play off intensely in the final rounds, competing to emerge as National Champions and represent Malaysia at the Regional Champs Challenge. KFCH also carried out the Management Associated Program to recruit new graduates who have now become part of our permanent staff. KFCH also held annual Hari Mekar competition as teams from throughout the Group battled it out in various categories in an effort to be crowned the Overall Champions. The winners then represented KFCH at the Grand Finals of Hari Mekar organised by Johor. The last area is the environment. KFCH conscious of the responsibility towards the environment and as such have taken steps to understand and minimize the impact of ther business on the environment without compromising operational standards or shareholder value. A major environmental challenge that has been undertaken continues to be in the area of waste water management. This waste water management measure has been undertaken by KFCH plants that have problems with waste water such as Ayamas Port Klang, Ayamas Bandar Tenggara, Johor, Bakery Outlet at Kompleks KFC Glenmarie and Region Food Industries. These KFC plants and outlets have been treats the final discharge waste water in compliance with the DOE Standard for discharge. KFCH also agreed with proposed treatment process will use the Biological Treatment System, which uses a UASB (Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Bed) and AICAR (Alternative Intermittent Cyclic Reactor) and also using a chemical and bio treatment continuous processor, the plant treats 250 cubic meters per day. PJ Development Holdings Bhd On the other hand, PJHD outlined the CSR events in their annual report 2009. These CSR activities are Bukit Bintang Central Gotong Royong, Charity Christmas Carolers, Charity Outreach Project to Trinity Childrens Centre, Christmas Cheer with House of Joy, Beach Gotong Royong, Mooncake Festival Celebration, Earth Day, Turtle Conservation Week, PJD Green the Day, PJD Kids, Tree Planting, Charity Buka Puasa, Blood Donation Drives and Provision of Garbage Compactor Recycle Bins. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities for PJD Group have become more focused in the last financial year under review. PJDH efforts in becoming a more responsible corporate citizen have led us to contribute more towards the well-being of the community surrounding us. In community area, PJDH held activities such as outings and festive cheers with orphanages continue to be on each of our divisions CSR agenda. On a Group basis, they organized an outing with 4 orphanages, namely the Sinthamani Divine Life Ashram, Rumah Amal Baitul Kasih, Lifesprings Childrens Welfare Home and Good Samaritan Home and other charity drives raising over RM40,000. In workplace area, the Group also organized several Blood Donation Drives throughout all its office locations nationwide. The blood donation drives conducted at our head office, branches, factory and hotels were well participated by employees, friends and public alike and that will be a regular activity on PDH CSR agenda. In environment are, the Group still maintains its CSR programs to protect the environment such as provision of garbage and recycle bins, recycling rain water, recycling excess concrete in our construction sites and championing the localized version of the United Nations Local Agenda 21 Waste Management Project within the Bukit Bintang, Kuala Lumpur area and Green Tree Planting Day. PJD Group now has an internal CSR portal where all CSR activities are shared amongst all office locations. Given the fantastic response, this portal has proven its role in encouraging employees to contribute ideas toward developing initiatives that benefit the Group and its stakeholders in line with our CSR slogan, Together We Build a Brighter Future. Conclusion Both of the company fulfilled the CSRs frameworks as stated by the Bursa Malaysia which are the environment, the workplace, the community and the marketplace except for PJDH that did not disclosed any marketplace area of CSR

Food Adulteration Essay

In our daily life there are so many unhygienic and contaminated things for our health. Most of our things our contaminated. Even the food, which we eat, is adulterated. Now a question arises that what is adulteration? The answer is that the deliberate contamination of food material with low quality, cheap and non-edible or toxic substances is called food adulteration. The substance, which lowers or degrades the quality of food material, is called an adulterant. Adulteration brings a lot of easy money for the traders, but it may spoil many lives. Food adulteration can lead to slow poisoning and various kinds of diseases, which can even result in death. Adulteration makes the food items used in our daily life unsafe and unhygienic for use. An easy example of food adulteration is vanaspati ghee in desi ghee. The traders use it for their economic benefit without thinking about its effect on the common population of our country, which consumes it. For preventing it our government has made some certain commissions and laws. Still it prevails in our country on large scale. Adulteration should be checked properly in common food items so as to save people from its bad effects. Adulteration is the government and we for the common people therefore something should do a type of curse against it. Types of Food Adulteration In India, the most common type of food adulterations is of following types: 1. Milk :- It is adulterated by the addition of water, starch, skim milk powder and removal of cream. 2. Ghee :- It is adulterated with vanaspati and animal fats such as pig’s fat. In order to improve the flavor of adulterated ghee tributyrin is added. 3. Cereals :- Rice and wheat are mixed with stones sand grit and mud to increase the bulk. 4. Flour :- Wheat flour is mixed with soapstone and Bengal gram flour is adulterated with Kesari dal or lathyrus flour. 5. Pulses :- They are adulterated with Kesari Dal stones are added to pulses such as mott urad, and masoor. Toxic chemical such as metanil yellow are added to old stocks of pulses to improve their colour appearance. 6. Edible Oil :- They are mixed with cheaper oil, toxic oil (e.g. argemone oil) and mineral oil. 7. Honey :- It is adulterated with sugar and jaggery. Material required 1. Glass Wares : †¢ Test Tube, Beaker, Slides 2. Food Samples. †¢ Ghee, Milk, Oil, Pulses samples. 3. Chemical Required †¢ Conc. HCl., Conc. Nitric Acid. 4. Test Tube stand. Procedure for detection the Adulteration in the food Items Adulteration in the food material can be detected in the following ways. 1. Vanaspti in Ghee :- Took one tea spoon full of liquid ghee. Added equal quantity of conc. HCl shook this mixture in a test tube. Now added a pinch of common sugar. Shook it well for about one minute and then allowed it to stand for 5 minute and observed the result. 2. Water in milk sample:- Put a drop of sample milk on a plain slide. Tittled  the slide and observed the result. 3. Agremone oil in edible oil :- Took some amount of edible oil in a test tube. Poured 3-4 drops of conc nitric acid. Shook it well and observed the result. 4. Metanil yellow in Dal :- Took 5 gms of sample. Add 5ml of water and a few drops of dil. HCl and observed the result. Observation Table-A:- Detection of vanaspati in ghee Sr.No. Sample Procedure Observation 1. Ghee A Sample+Conc. + + + HCl + Sugar Crimson colour in lower layer of the mixture 2. Ghee B -do- + + 3. Ghee C -do- – Table-B:- Detection of water in Milk Sr.No. Sample Procedure Observation 1. Milk A Sample on a + plain slide + titled the slide 2. Milk B -do- + + 3. Milk C -do- + + + Table-C:- Detection of metanil yellow in dal Sr.No. Sample Procedure Observation 1. Pulse A 5gm of sample + + + 5ml of water + Pink colour Conc. HCl appearance 2. Pulse B -do- – 3. Pulse C -do- – Table-D:- detection of Argemone oil in edible oil Sr.No. Sample Procedure Observation 1. Edible Oil A 5 ml Sample + + + + 3 drops of Reddish Brown conc. HNO3 colour 2. Edible Oil B -do- + + 3. Edible Oil C -do- + Conclusions In Table A [Detection of Vanaspati in Ghee] Ghee A : It gives most positive test, hence is most adulterated. Ghee B : It gives more positive test, hence is more adulterated. Ghee C : It gives negative test, hence is not adulterated. In Table B [Detection of Water in Milk] Milk A : It gives positive test to small extant hence is least adulterated. Milk B : It gives more positive test, hence is more adulterated. Milk C : It gives most positive test, hence is most adulterated. In Table C [Detection of Metanil Yellow in Dal] Pulse A : It gives positive test, hence is adulterated. Pulse B : It gives most negative test, hence is not adulterated. Pulse C : It gives more negative test, hence is not adulterated. In Table D [Detection of Argemone Oil in Edible Oil] Edible Oil A : It gives most positive test, hence is most adulterated. Edible Oil B : It gives more positive test, hence is more adulterated. Edible Oil C : It gives positive test to small extent, hence is least adulterated.